1. Fragmentation of the file system ?
A. occurs only if the file system is used improperly
B. can always be prevented
C. is a characteristic of all file systems
D. can be temporarily removed by compaction

2. Which runs on computer hardware and serve as platform for other software to run on?
A. System Software
B. Application Software
C. Kernal.
D. Operating System.

3. The operating system creates _____ from the physical computer?
A. Virtual space
B. Virtual disk
C. Virtual device
D. Virtual computers

4. Which type of operating system allows multiple tasks to run at the same time?
A. real-time processing
B. multi-user
C. batch processing
D. multi-tasking

5. Which is the layer of a computer system between the A. hardware and the user program?
A. System environment
B. Operating system
C. Kernal
D. Memory

6. The primary purpose of an operating system is:
A. To make computers easier to use.
B. To make the most efficient use of the computer hardware.
C. To keep systems programmers employed.
D. To allow many people to use the computer.

7. Which type of operating system would be the best choice to control the braking system on a card?
A. batch processing.
B. multi-tasking.
C. multi-user.
D. real-time processing.

8. Multiprogramming systems?
A. Execute more jobs in the same time period
B. Execute each job faster
C. Are easier to develop than single programming systems
D. Are used only one large mainframe computers.

9. System calls are invoked by using?
A. Polling.
B. Softwate Interrupts
C. Indirect jump.
D. system signals.

10. An operating system
A. Controls access to hardware functions.
B. mange the use of memory between programs
C. maintains security and access rights of users.
D. All of above.

11. Transfer of information to and from main memory takes place in terms of:
A. Bits.
B. Bytes.
C. Nibbles
D. Words.

12. The process of saving the state of the old process and loading the saved process is known as?
A. Dispatcher.
B. CPU scheduling.
C. Fragmentation.
D. None of above.

13. Page fault occurs when
A. The page is corrupted by application software
B. The page is in main memory
C. The page is not in main memory
D. One tries to divide a number by 0

14. Spooling is:
A. The rewinding of tapes after processing.
B. Re-allocation of unused memory.
C. The recording of all user activities in a log file.
D. The temporary storage and management of output to output devices until they can cope with it.

15. A system program that sets up an executable program in main memory ready for execution is
A. loader.
B. assembler.
C. linker.
D. compiler.

16. Where does swap space resides?
A. Main memory
B. Hard Disk
C. ROM
D. Catche Memory

17. CPU scheduling is
A. done to make full use of the CPU.
B. execute first the job that has been in the queue the longest.
C. done to make the system efficient, fast and fair.
D. All of above.

18. The process table is
A. is a data structure maintained by the operating system.
B. facilitate context switching and scheduling.
C. contains process names, state, priority , registers, and a semaphore it may be waiting on.
D. All of above.

19. True about Threads
A. Enable Concurrent execution on multiprocessors.
B. Manage I/O more efficiently: some threads wait for I/O while others compute.
C. is a unit of sequential execution.
D. All of the above.

20. What is the main function of the command interpreter?
A. to provide the interface between the API and application program
B. to handle the files in the operating system
C. to get and execute the next user-specified command
D. none of the mentioned